International Literacy Day 2025: Literacy as the Foundation for the Digital World
Every year on 8 September, the world comes together to celebrate International Literacy Day (ILD). Since its proclamation by UNESCO in 1967, the day has served as a global reminder of the transformative power of literacy in building more just, peaceful, and sustainable societies. In 2025, ILD is being observed under the theme: “Promoting Literacy in the Digital Era.” This focus highlights the growing recognition that literacy is not only about reading and writing on paper, but also about equipping people with the skills to navigate the digital world safely, effectively, and responsibly. Digitalisation has transformed the way we live, learn, and work. While it opens new opportunities for expanding learning — especially among marginalized communities — it also creates risks of double exclusion. Those who lack basic literacy may find themselves left out not only from traditional education but also from the benefits of the digital era. UNESCO emphasizes that literacy now serves as the foundation for digital skills. It enables individuals to think critically, discern credible information, and engage meaningfully in an “information-rich” society. Without these skills, people are more vulnerable to misinformation, digital surveillance, and inequities amplified by technology. Between 2015 and 2024, literacy rates improved modestly. Adult literacy rose from 86% to 88% worldwide. In Central and Southern Asia, literacy increased from 72% to 77%, and in Sub-Saharan Africa from 65% to 69%. Global youth literacy reached 93% in 2024, reflecting progress in access to education. Yet, challenges remain. UNESCO reports that 739 million adults still lack basic literacy skills, with more than half (441 million) concentrated in just 10 countries. Women, older adults, and marginalized communities remain disproportionately affected. Underinvestment is a persistent barrier: in a survey of 102 countries, 57% allocated less than 4% of their education budgets to literacy and education, despite its foundational importance. Closer to home, Kenya is facing a significant literacy crisis, with many children and adults unable to read and comprehend at expected levels for their grade or age, despite overall literacy rates appearing to be high or increasing. Research indicates that a substantial number of Grade 6 students cannot read a Grade 3-level text, and millions of adults remain illiterate. Contributing factors include limited access to quality early childhood education, poverty, and a focus on schooling rather than actual learning outcomes. This gap between schooling and true learning underscores the urgency of rethinking literacy interventions to ensure children and adults are equipped not just with years in school, but with the actual skills needed to thrive in education, work, and life. In today’s technologically driven world, literacy is not optional — it is essential. Beyond enabling participation in education and the workforce, literacy fosters critical thinking, empowers individuals to question and innovate, builds global citizenship, and equips communities to navigate the challenges of the digital landscape. As UNESCO reminds us, literacy is more than a skill — it is a human right and a gateway to all other rights. ILD 2025 is more than a celebration. It is a moment of reflection and action: to ask what literacy means in today’s digital context, to strengthen policies and teaching strategies that make literacy accessible to all, and to view literacy as both a common good and a lever for empowerment. As the world continues to embrace digitalisation, the challenge remains to ensure that everyone — regardless of age, gender, or background — has the literacy skills needed not only to survive, but to thrive in this evolving landscape. ✍️ WERK joins the global community in commemorating International Literacy Day 2025 by reaffirming our commitment to advancing education, equity, and empowerment through research and policy engagement.